Sunday, August 24, 2014

Concussion Update

The new Barclay’s Premier League Handbook is out.  It contains the official new rules governing head injuries:

O.22. Each Team Doctor, physiotherapist, therapist and Medical Coordinator shall, when present at a League Match or at any other match or at training, carry the pocket concussion tool (which is set out at Appendix 4A).

O.23. Any Player, whether engaged in a League Match, any other match or in training, who has sustained a head injury, shall not be allowed to resume playing or training (as the case may be) unless he has been examined and declared fit to do so by his Team Doctor or, if he is unavailable, by another medical practitioner. The decision of the Team Doctor or other medical practitioner as to whether the Player is fit to resume playing or training shall be final.

As I noted in an earlier post (http://redsloscf.blogspot.com/2014/08/saturday-august-16-1014-match-thoughts.html ), Phil Jagielka left the field with a head injury during the August 16 game between Everton and Leicester.  Yet, he returned to play moments later.  There was obviously not enough time for the team doctor to have conducted the supposedly mandatory examination needed to declare Jagielka fit to play.  The Pocket Concussion Tool mention in Rule O.22 lists as one of the visible clues of a suspected concussion being “slow to get up” which Jagielka clearly was.  I see no way to reconcile the new rules with what happened with Jagielka other than to assume the new rules are intended to make the league look responsible, but not to actually change anything, except maybe in the very worst and most obvious cases.  Given the liability for head injuries the NFL has already accepted, the BPL might be wise to adopt more stringent policies.
The information in the Pocket Concussion Tool is fairly basic, but seems to be consistent with the other information on concussions I can find on the internet.  However, there is a fundamental problem.  The information about concussions in sports put out by the American Center for Disease Control (CDC) suggests that the standards put out by the BPL are not rigorous enough.  (http://www.cdc.gov/concussion/headsup/pdf/Heads_Up_Concussion_in_Sports_Script-a.pdf )
As possible causes of a concussion the CDC lists
• A knock to the head from a fall…

• A jolt to the torso from a collision…

• A hit to the head from a stick or ball…  

Very likely, football would become unplayable if every hit to the head from a ball or jolt to the torso from a collision was treated as a possible concussion.  Of course, this is not what the CDC advocates but they do warn that
• Most concussions occur without loss of consciousness.

• Athletes who have, at any point in their lives, had a concussion have an increased risk for another concussion.

• Young children and teens are more likely to get a concussion and take longer to recover than adults.

And
Don’t be fooled! Even what may seem like a mild bump to the head can actually be serious.
And
So to help recognize a concussion, you should watch for and ask others to report the following two things among your athletes:

1 A forceful bump, blow, or jolt to the head or body that results in rapid movement of the head.

—and—

2 Any concussion signs or symptoms, such as a change in the athlete’s behavior, thinking, or physical functioning.

How, these medically appropriate processes can be implemented in the middle of a BPL game is less than clear.  Should a player be expected to tell his coach or team doctor, “Fred may have a concussion.  He collided with Joe five minutes ago and just now didn’t mark his man like he normally does.  Isn’t that a change in his behavior?”
I do not have an answer to this, but I do think it is clear that when player leaves the field after a head injury, he should not be medically cleared to return in under a minute.  I believe that anyone who suffers a head injury serious enough to require treatment should not be allowed to return to that game at all (unless this will result in teams failing to treat head injuries in order to avoid the mandatory substitution).
After the Hugo Lloris injury last November, Roberto Martinez suggested that a rule change was in order.  (http://www.theguardian.com/football/2013/nov/07/roberto-martinez-andre-villas-boas-concussion-row ) He thought that an additional substitution should be allowed for head injuries if the regular three substitutions have already been used.  This would take some of the pressure off the decision to remove a player with a head injury, but I am sure there are football purists who would oppose any change to the traditional three substitute rule.  Also, the rule might be gamed by someone pretending to have a head injury in order to make another substitution available.  (Head injuries might become very common in the 30 minute extra time period of important games.  “If he has a head injury why is he clutching his leg?” “That shows how bad the head injury must be. He is so confused he is grabbing the wrong part of his body.”)
Speaking of which, Hugo Lloris now admits he was wrong to come back on after his head injury last November.  (http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-2732803/Hugo-Lloris-admits-WRONG-play-head-injury-Tottenham-keeper-welcomes-new-rules-concussion.html ) Obviously, he was wrong, but he had just suffered a concussion.  He was not thinking clearly.  He doesn’t need to apologize.  The people who let him back on the field—such as Andres Villas-Boas—are the ones who should be apologizing.  But AVB is long gone from Tottenham and, given what he has already said, no apology is likely.  (http://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/defiant-andre-villas-boas-stands-call-2682293 and http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-2497972/Andre-Villas-Boas-snaps-Lloris-withdraws-Spurs-squad-concussion-fears.html )
I will end with one last quote from the CDC:
“Toughing it Out” isn’t Strong— It’s Dangerous

Sometimes people believe that it shows strength and courage to play when you’re injured. Not only is that belief wrong, it can put a young athlete at risk for serious injury.

Don’t let others—fans, parents, or teammates— pressure you or the injured athlete to continue playing. As you’ve probably experienced, some athletes may try telling you that s/he is “just fine” or that s/he can “tough it out.”

Tell them that taking a time out is not a sign of weakness, and that playing with a concussion is dangerous. Don’t shy away from sharing this information with parents and other team supporters, either.

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